SAP system comprises of a number of fully integrated modules, which covers virtually every aspect of the business management.
ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) is a programming language for developing applications for the SAP R/3 system, a widely-installed business application subsystem. The latest version, ABAP Objects, is object-oriented programming. SAP will run applications written using ABAP/4, the earlier ABAP version, as well as applications using ABAP Objects.
SAP's original business model for R/3 was developed before the idea of an object-oriented model was widespread. The transition to the object-oriented model reflects an increased customer demand for it. ABAP Objects uses a single inheritance model and full support for object features such as encapsulation, polymorphism, and persistence.
Designed for automated management and external reporting of General Ledger (GL), Accounts Receivable (AR), Accounts Payable (AP), and Asset Management (AM) with a user-defined chart of accounts.
External reporting, such as income statement and balance sheet Represents cost and revenue flows throughout the organization
Aids in organizational decision making
Supports internal reporting such as cost center reports
AA provides tools to acquire, depreciate, evaluate, and retire assets. The kinds of assets covered are fixed, low value, leased, and real estate.
Low value assets depreciate in the year they are bought and are often aggregated as a single asset master record.
Depreciation often needs to be tracked (for more than one reason), so SAP R/3allows you to depreciate the same piece of equipment in several parallel ways.
SAP CO Module helps management by providing reports on cost centers, profit centers, contribution margins, profitability, etc. They also deal with cost accounting processing, analytical reporting, and audit-controlling spectrums.
This module includes the business processes used to sell and deliver products and services to customers and business partners. Information about the product and customers (both of which are stored in the master data) is used in SD.
The grouping of management functions supporting the complete cycle of material flow, from the purchase and internal control of production materials to the planning and control of work in process to the warehousing, shipping, and distribution of the finished product.
This module supports functions for the overall level of manufacturing output and other activities to best satisfy the current planned levels of sales (sales plan or forecasts), while meeting general business objectives of profitability, competitive customer lead times as expressed in the overall business plan. One of its primary purposes is to establish production rates that will achieve management’s objective of satisfying customer demand, by maintaining, raising or lowering inventories or backlogs, while usually attempting to keep the workforce relatively stable
Supports the planning, processing, and completion of plant maintenance tasks. Allows for planners to schedule routine maintenance in a way that is least disruptive for manufacturing and sales requirement.